黑帶應(yīng)了解的101件事情
101 Things A Six Sigma Black Belt Should Know 一名6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解的101件事 By Thomas Pyzdek Reproduction permitted providing copyright notice remains in tact and no changes are made to the content Copyright (c) 2003 by Thomas Pyzdek, all rights reserved 1. In general, a Six Sigma Black Belt should be quantitatively oriented. 通常，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)定量導(dǎo)向。 2. With minimal guidance, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to use data to convert broad generalizations into actionable goals. 僅需最低限度的指導(dǎo)，6西格瑪黑帶就應(yīng)能利用數(shù)據(jù)把泛泛的概括轉(zhuǎn)化為可實(shí)施的目標(biāo)。 3. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to make the business case for attempting to accomplish these goals. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能為完成這些目標(biāo)提供業(yè)務(wù)案例。 4．The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to develop detailed plans for achieving those goals. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能為達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)制定詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃。 5．The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to measure progress towards the goals in terms meaningful to customers and leaders. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能測量出朝著預(yù)期目標(biāo)進(jìn)展對顧客和公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的意義。 6．The Six Sigma Black Belt should know how to establish control systems for maintaining the gains achieved through Six Sigma. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)知道如何建立控制體系來保持通過6西格瑪所取得的收獲。 7．The Six Sigma Black Belt should understand and be able to communicate the rationale for continuous improvement, even after initial goals have been accomplished. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解并能夠傳達(dá)持續(xù)改進(jìn)的基本原理，即使在初始目標(biāo)已經(jīng)達(dá)到后也 應(yīng)這樣。 8．The Six Sigma Black Belt should be familiar with research that quantifies the benefits firms have obtained from Six Sigma. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)熟悉對通過6西格瑪所獲利益的量化研究。 9. The Six Sigma Black Belt should know or be able to find the PPM rates associated with different sigma levels (e.g., Six Sigma = 3.4 PPM) 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)知道或能夠找出與不同西格瑪水平相關(guān)連的PPM比率（例如，6西格瑪＝3 .4PPM）。 10．The Six Sigma Black Belt should know the approximate relative cost of poor quality associated with various sigma levels (e.g., three sigma firms report 25% COPQ). 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解與不同西格瑪水平大致對應(yīng)的劣質(zhì)成本（例如，3西格瑪水平的 公司劣質(zhì)成本約占25%） 11. The Six Sigma Black Belt should know how to quantitatively analyze data from employee and customer surveys. This includes evaluating survey reliability and validity as well as the differences between surveys. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解如何定量分析對員工和顧客進(jìn)行調(diào)查所得到的數(shù)據(jù)，包括評估調(diào)查結(jié) 果的可靠性、有效性以及各次調(diào)查之間的差異。 12. The Six Sigma Black Belt should understand the roles of the various people involved in change (senior leader, champion, mentor, change agent, technical leader, team leader, facilitator). 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解參與變革的各種員工所扮演的角色（高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、擁護(hù)者、顧問、 變革代理人、技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、推動者）。 13. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to design, test, and analyze customer surveys. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能設(shè)計(jì)、檢測和分析對顧客進(jìn)行的調(diào)查。 14. Given two or more sets of survey data, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to determine if there are statistically significant differences between them. 給出兩組或多組調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能確定它們之間是否存在統(tǒng)計(jì)上的顯著性 差異。 15. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to quantify the value of customer retention. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能量化顧客保持力的數(shù)值。 16. Given a partly completed QFD matrix, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to complete it. 給出完成一個部分的質(zhì)量功能展開矩陣，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能將其完成。 17. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the value of money held or invested over time, including present value and future value of a fixed sum. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能計(jì)算出所持資金或者已投資金的價值，包括現(xiàn)值和未來價值的固定總和 。 18. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute PV and FV values for various compounding periods. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能計(jì)算出不同復(fù)利計(jì)算期的現(xiàn)值和未來值。 19. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the break even point for a project. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能計(jì)算出一個項(xiàng)目的得失平衡點(diǎn)。 20. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the net present value of cash flow streams, and to use the results to choose among competing projects. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能計(jì)算出現(xiàn)金流轉(zhuǎn)的凈現(xiàn)值，并把這個結(jié)果用于選擇項(xiàng)目。 21. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the internal rate of return for cash flow streams and to use the results to choose among competing projects. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能計(jì)算出內(nèi)部現(xiàn)金流轉(zhuǎn)的利潤率，并將這一結(jié)果用于選擇項(xiàng)目。 22. The Six Sigma Black Belt should know the COPQ rationale for Six Sigma, i.e., he should be able to explain what to do if COPQ analysis indicates that the optimum for a given process is less than Six Sigma. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解劣質(zhì)成本對于6西格瑪?shù)母疽饬x，也即他應(yīng)能說明如果劣質(zhì)成本分 析顯示出給定過程的最佳值小于6西格瑪時該做些什么。 23. The Six Sigma Black Belt should know the basic COPQ categories and be able to allocate a list of costs to the correct category. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解劣質(zhì)成本的基礎(chǔ)類別，并且能夠把一份成本清單正確分類。 24. Given a table of COPQ data over time, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to perform a statistical analysis of the trend. 給出過去的劣質(zhì)成本報(bào)表，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能完成趨勢的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 25. Given a table of COPQ data over time, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to perform a statistical analysis of the distribution of costs among the various categories. 給出過去的劣質(zhì)成本報(bào)表，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能對各類品質(zhì)成本的分配情況進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 26. Given a list of tasks for a project, their times to complete, and their precedence relationships, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the time to completion for the project, the earliest completion times, the latest completion times and the slack times. He should also be able to identify which tasks are on the critical path. 給出一個項(xiàng)目的任務(wù)列表、它們的完成時間和它們之間的優(yōu)先級關(guān)系，6西格瑪黑帶 應(yīng)能計(jì)算出項(xiàng)目的完成時間、最早完成時間、最遲完成時間和延遲時間。他還應(yīng)能識別 哪項(xiàng)任務(wù)位于關(guān)鍵路徑上。 27. Give cost and time data for project tasks, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the cost of normal and crash schedules and the minimum total cost schedule. 給出項(xiàng)目任務(wù)的成本和時間數(shù)據(jù)，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能計(jì)算出正常的和緊急加快的生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用 表以及最小的生產(chǎn)總費(fèi)用表。 28. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be familiar with the basic principles of benchmarking. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)熟悉標(biāo)桿的基本原理。 29. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be familiar with the limitations of benchmarking. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)熟悉標(biāo)桿的局限性。 30. Given an organization chart and a listing of team members, process owners, and sponsors, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to identify projects with a low probability of success. 給出一份組織圖和團(tuán)隊(duì)成員名單、過程負(fù)責(zé)人和發(fā)起人，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能識別出哪 些是成功機(jī)率小的項(xiàng)目。 31. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to identify measurement scales of various metrics (nominal, ordinal, etc). 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能識別各種度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的測量標(biāo)度（名義的、順序的等等）。 32. Given a metric on a particular scale, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to determine if a particular statistical method should be used for analysis. 給定一種特定標(biāo)度的度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能確定采用什么特定的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法進(jìn)行分 析。 33. Given a properly collected set of data, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to perform a complete measurement system analysis, including the calculation of bias, repeatability, reproducibility, stability, discrimination (resolution) and linearity. 給出一組適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能完成測量系統(tǒng)分析，包括計(jì)算偏倚、重復(fù)性 、再現(xiàn)性、穩(wěn)定性、辨別力（分辨率）和線性。 34. Given the measurement system metrics, the Six Sigma Black Belt should know whether or not a given measurement system should be used on a given part or process. 給出測量系統(tǒng)的度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解給定的測量系統(tǒng)能否用于給定的零件 或過程。 35. The Six Sigma Black Belt should know the difference between computing sigma from a data set whose production sequence is known and from a data set whose production sequence is not known. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解從已知生產(chǎn)次序的數(shù)據(jù)組和未知生產(chǎn)次序的數(shù)據(jù)組計(jì)算出的西格瑪之 間的不同。 36. Given the results of an AIAG Gage R&R study, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to answer a variety of questions about the measurement system. 給出一份 AIAG（汽車工業(yè)行動集團(tuán)）量具雙性研究結(jié)果，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能回答各種關(guān)于該測量系 統(tǒng)的問題。 37. Given a narrative description of "as-is" and "should-be" processes, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to prepare process maps. 給出一個“不予改變”和“應(yīng)”的過程敘述性描述，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能作出過程圖。 38. Given a table of raw data, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to prepare a frequency tally sheet of the data, and to use the tally sheet data to construct a histogram. 給出一份原始數(shù)據(jù)表，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能作出一份數(shù)據(jù)頻次表，并且能使用這頻次表構(gòu)建 一份直方圖。 39. The Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to compute the mean and standard deviation from a grouped frequency distribution. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能從一組頻次分布數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算出均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差。 40. Given a list of problems, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to construct a Pareto Diagram of the problem frequencies. 給出一份問題列表，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能構(gòu)建出一個問題發(fā)生頻次的排列圖。 41. Given a list which describes problems by department, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to construct a Crosstabulation and use the information to perform a Chi-square analysis. 給出一份按部門描述問題的清單，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能構(gòu)建一份交叉表，并且能利用此 信息進(jìn)行卡方分析。 42. Given a table of x and y data pairs, the Six Sigma Black Belt should be able to determine if the relationship is linear or non-linear. 給出一份 XY配對的數(shù)據(jù)表，6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)能確定XY之間的關(guān)系是線性的還是非線性的。 43. The Six Sigma Black Belt should know how to use non-linearities to make products or processes more robust. 6西格瑪黑帶應(yīng)了解如何利用非線性來使產(chǎn)品或過程更加穩(wěn)固。 44. The Six Sigma Black Belt should ...
黑帶應(yīng)了解的101件事情